Skamania County, Washington, is a place of breathtaking natural beauty and deep historical significance. Located within the Columbia River Gorge, our county has evolved from a rugged landscape dominated by timber to a thriving destination for outdoor enthusiasts and history buffs alike. From our roots in the logging industry to our development as a premier tourist destination, Skamania County’s history is a testament to resilience, adaptation, and the enduring charm of the Pacific Northwest!
Before European settlers arrived, Skamania County was home to indigenous tribes who thrived in the region for thousands of years. The Cascade Chinook and Klickitat peoples were among the primary inhabitants, relying on the Columbia River for sustenance, transportation, and trade. These tribes fished for salmon, gathered roots and berries, and crafted tools from the abundant natural resources in the area. The Columbia River was not just a source of food, it was a vital trade route that connected different tribal communities throughout the Pacific Northwest. Even today, evidence of these early inhabitants remains in petroglyphs and artifacts found along the riverbanks and within the surrounding forests. Head to the Columbia Gorge Museum to see these artifacts and petroglyphs!
In the early 19th century, European explorers and fur traders began venturing into what is now Skamania County. The Lewis and Clark Expedition passed through the area in 1805, writing about its stunning landscapes and potential for future settlement. By the mid-19th century, pioneers and traders had established trading posts along the Columbia River, and the region began to see an influx of settlers looking to capitalize on its natural resources.
Logging quickly became the dominant industry, as Skamania County is rich in old-growth forests of Douglas fir, cedar, and hemlock. Timber companies moved in, constructing sawmills and rail lines to transport the valuable wood to markets across the country. The logging industry not only shaped the economy but also the communities that grew around it. Towns like Stevenson and Carson flourished as hubs for loggers and their families, and the rugged lifestyle of the lumber camps became a defining characteristic of early Skamania County.
The Columbia River has always played a crucial role in the development of Skamania County. In the 1930s, the construction of the Bonneville Dam marked a significant turning point in the region’s history. Built as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal, the dam provided hydroelectric power, flood control, and improved navigation along the Columbia River. It also brought new jobs and infrastructure to Skamania County, helping to modernize the area while also dramatically altering its natural environment. There is family fun and rich history for everyone at the dam. Visit the Bonneville Dam and Fish Hatchery to learn more!
Though the dam was a major engineering feat, its impact on indigenous communities was profound. Traditional fishing sites were submerged, and many native fishing practices were disrupted. However, efforts to restore fish populations and honor indigenous fishing rights continue today, reflecting an ongoing commitment to preserving our region’s cultural heritage.
By the mid-20th century, as the logging industry declined due to overharvesting and economic shifts, Skamania County began to embrace tourism as a new economic driver. Our close proximity to Portland, Oregon, and our unparalleled access to outdoor recreation make it a natural destination for adventure seekers!
One of the most significant milestones in this transformation was the designation of the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area in 1986. This federal protection helped preserve our county’s stunning landscapes, ensuring that future generations will continue to enjoy its waterfalls, hiking trails, and scenic vistas. Attractions like Beacon Rock State Park, the Bridge of the Gods, and the Skamania Lodge have become popular spots for visitors looking to experience our county’s unique blend of history and natural beauty.
Outdoor activities such as windsurfing, hiking, and camping have also become central to our identity. The Gorge is now world-famous for wind sports, thanks to the strong winds that funnel through the river corridor.
Today, we are proud that Skamania County is a vibrant blend of history and progress. While tourism continues to grow, efforts to maintain our area’s cultural and environmental integrity remain strong. Museums, historical societies, and local events celebrate our beautiful past, ensuring that its story is never forgotten.
From the indigenous communities who first called this land home to the loggers who built towns and the outdoor enthusiasts who now explore our water and trails, Skamania County’s history is one of adaptation and appreciation for the natural world. As visitors traverse the same paths once walked by early settlers and Indigenous people, they are reminded of the deep-rooted history that makes our area so special.
Whether you’re gazing at the Columbia River from a scenic overlook, hiking through old-growth forests, or learning about our region’s storied past, Skamania County offers a glimpse into the rugged and beautiful history of the Pacific Northwest. Its journey from a land of natural abundance to a beloved destination for travelers is a testament to the power of nature, industry, and the enduring spirit of us who call it home!
Ready to come out and explore Skamania County? Stevenson, Washington is the perfect base camp for all of your historical adventures! With multiple museums, historical landmarks and art studios, there are endless things to do once you arrive in Stevenson! And that’s just in town 🙂 Staying in the Gorge HQ means you’re only minutes from hikes, wineries, waterfalls, scenic drives, fishing, golfing and SO MUCH MORE! Plan your trip now!